Diagnostic

• Dental Examination
  Objective: Medical history revealed a well developed 39 y.o white female allergic to PCN. Operations included a C-section and B.T.L. (Bilateral Tubal Ligation). The remainder of her history was noncontributory. Oral examination revealed a 15 mm X 15 mm, smooth surface, firm, sessile elevation located on the palate adjacent to teeth #'s 10, 11, and 13. The surface mucosa was intact. No bruit or thrill was noted. No osseous involvement was noted on the panoramic or occlusal radiographs. Teeth #'s 5, 12, 21, and 28 had been extracted for orthodontic treatment as an adolescent. Mild horizontal alveolar bone loss was noted in the maxilla and mandible.
• X-rays
  Intergrated imaging technology has evolved after the develoment of CCD (Charge Coupled Device detectors). Filmless digital dental x-rays are now available allowing graphical manipulation via computers. Digital facial photographs are also possible, allowing patients to view computer projected post operative facial changes. Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT scan) was invented in the 70's by "The Beatles's" EMI Corporation in the United Kingdom (G. N. Hounsfield). CAT scans were the result of intergrating x-rays and computers. CAT scans are excellent for visualizition of the facial skeleton.

Restorative

• Crowns
  Radiographic examination revealed mandibular horizontal alveolar bone loss and dental calculus. Teeth #'s 21 and 28 were carious. Tooth 17 was impacted with a distoangular inclination. A large radiolucent lesion was associated with the crown of # 17. The radiolucent lesion encroached upon the inferior alveolar nerovascular bundle.
• Dental Bonding

Endodontics

• Root Canal Treatment
  Subjective: Patient was referred by her family dentist for evaluation of a radiolucent interradicular lesion in the mandible between teeth #'s 26 and 27. Tooth number 27 had recently had a root canal. Patient was asymptomatic.
• Apicoectomy
  Result: Trephination of the buccal cortical plate of the mandible, inferior to the apex of 23 and 24 resulted in the evacuation of exudate under pressure. No cystic lining was encountered. A gutta percha overfill was noted at the apex of # 24. Apicoectomy and apical curettage of #'s 23 and 24 was then performed.

Prosthodontics

• Dentures
  Subjective: The patient presented to our office with a chief complaint that her lower denture was like a "teeter - totter". She reported that her lower denture would tip up and down while eating.
• Overdentures

Implants

• Dental Implants
  November 5-6, 1983 American Academy of Implant Dentistry. Medical College of Georgia. Course IV Implants for the Fully Edentulous Ridge ( Subperiosteal Implants )

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

• Oral Surgery
• Jaw Surgery
  Correction of craniofacial disharmonies by the surgical repositioning of segments of the mandible (lower jaw bone) or maxilla (upper jaw bone) containing one to several teeth, or the bodily repositioning of entire jaws to establish normal functional relationship among osseous, muscular, and contiguous structures. (osteotomy or osteoplasty)
• Maxillofacial Surgery
  Cleft Lip - Cleft Palate, Closure of Oral-nasal Fistula with Maxillary Alveolar Cleft Bone Graft; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Case of the Month 3/98
• Tooth Extractions
• Ridge Augmentation

Orthodontics

• Orthodontics
  January 29-30, 1983 Clinical Congress on Surgical Orthodontic Challenges: A Maturing Prospective. American Association of Orthodontics and American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. New Orleans LA

General

• Cosmetic Dentistry