- ElectrocardiogramEKG - Electrocardiograms provide information regarding the electrical activity of the heart, as well as various other cardiac abnormalities such as heart attacks. These are often necessary to make a diagnosis as well as for follow-up.
- UltrasoundVASCULAR STUDIES - These non-invasive tests are beneficial in the assessment of peripheral vascular disease or circulation disorders. Using various ultrasound and pressure recording techniques, the arteries and veins of the extremities can be studied. In addition, these exams can identify abnormalities in the carotid arteries of the neck and also the abdominal aorta.
- LesionsCARDIAC CATH - Cardiac catheterization (sometimes called an angiogram) is a specialized test which is useful in the evaluation of heart disease. The presence or lack of coronary artery disease as well as the specific location and severity of coronary lesions can be determined with a cardiac catheterization. This procedure is able to determine the function of the heart chambers, valves, and other cardiac structures. This test can also measure the different pressures and gradients within the heart. Cardiac catheterization is relatively safe and is typically associated with very low morbidity and mortality.