General Practitioners

• Primary Care
  In addition to the treatment that you receive from your ophthalmologist for diabetic eye disease, it’s important to manage diabetes with the help of a primary care physician.

Ophthalmologists

• Glaucoma
  Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in people over 60. In its early stages, it has no symptoms, which is why glaucoma is often referred to as the “silent thief of sight.”
• Ophthalmology
  He received a Bachelor of Science Degree from Michigan State University. He graduated with Honors from Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan, with a Master of Science Degree in Human Anatomy and Cellular Biology. Dr. Fitzgerald graduated at the top of his class from Wayne State University School of Medicine. He completed his internship and Ophthalmology residency at William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, Michigan. Since 2002, Dr. Fitzgerald has been a board-certified Fellow of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
• Macular Degeneration
  It is the leading cause of vision loss for people aged 60 and above, which is why it is often referred to as age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
• Laser Eye Surgery
  While LASIK is the most well-known of these procedures, there are many types of laser vision correction surgeries available, including LASEK, PRK, and more.
• Cataracts
  For a person with cataracts, seeing through a clouded lens can be like viewing the world through a foggy or frosted window.
• Cataract Surgery
  Dr. Carl F. Clavenna is a comprehensive ophthalmologist who specializes in refractive cataract surgery helping people see clearly using the latest techniques.
• Eye Exam
  During a comprehensive eye exam, your ophthalmologist will test for common eye diseases, assess how your eyes function together, and more. Serious health issues like diabetes and high blood pressure are often first detected during an eye exam.

Internists

• Internal Medicine
  He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from Albion College in Albion, Michigan. He graduated as Valedictorian from Georgetown University in Washington D. C., with a Master of Science degree in Human Physiology and Biophysics. Dr. Clavenna graduated Valedictorian from the Wayne State University School of Medicine in Detroit. He completed both an internship in Internal Medicine and his residency in Ophthalmology at William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, Michigan. Since 1993 Dr. Clavenna has been a board-certified fellow of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Endocrinologist

• Diabetes Care
• Diabetic Retinopathy
  Diabetes increases the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, which is characterized by weak blood vessels in the eyes that leak or protrude into the retina. The proliferation of blood vessels on the retina itself, as a result of these blood vessels closing off over time, can result in eyesight problems.

Surgeons

• Reconstructive Surgery
  Ophthalmologists with additional training in plastic or reconstructive surgery perform oculoplastic surgery. If you think you may need oculoplastic surgery, get in touch with an ophthalmologist at Clavenna Vision Institute.

Plastic Surgeons

• Botox
  You may be surprised to learn that these products were originally developed by ophthalmologists. In fact, ophthalmologist Alan Scott, M.D., developed the drug that would be called Botox about 30 years ago to treat strabismus, and later blepharospasm.
• Plastic Surgery
  Oculoplastic surgery is plastic surgery for the structures surrounding the eye, including eyelids, tear ducts, and the face.

Dermatologists

• Skin Cancer
• Ulcer
  A corneal abrasion is a scratch on your eye. It can be caused by contact with dirt, wood shavings, contact lenses, and other foreign objects. If left untreated, a corneal abrasion can become infected, resulting in a corneal ulcer.